Alternative NamesCD11b; CD11B; CD11 antigen-like family member B; ITGAM; Integrin beta 2 alpha subunit; CD11c;
Application(s)ICC, IHC-Paraffin-embedded
Antibody HostMouse
Antibody TypeMonoclonal
SpecificityClone OX-42 recognises the rat equivalent of human CD11b and shares a common epitope with CB11c (integrin apha M and alpha X chains). (PMID:1672643; Tamatani T et al 1991).
Immunoprecipitates three polypeptides of 160 kDa, 103 kDa and 95 kDa and a fainter band may also be seen at 133 kDa under non-reducing conditions. If the immunoprecipitated proteins are reduced, two major peptides of 163 kDa and 100 kDa and a minor 135 kDa peptide are seen. Mis-information exists concerning reactivity to mouse and human CD11b/c with OX-42 from various vendors. Biosensis has not verified that OX42 reacts with mouse and human, and ONLY recommends the clone only for rat as the original paper and most papers use the OX family of clones on rat.
Species ReactivityRat
Immunogen DescriptionRat peritoneal macrophages, whole cells. (Robinson, AP et al Immunology 1986 57 239-247)
ConjugateUnconjugated
Purity DescriptionProtein G purified hybridoma supernatants.
Application DetailsFC: Flow Cytometry: Unfixed cells preferred, acetone fixed or quickly fixed 1% PLP fixed cells can be used. IH: Immunohistochemical studies of rat fresh frozen tissue sections and paraffin-embedded tissue sections following either periodate-lysine-paraformaldehyde (PLP) fixation, or acetone. Works on very lightly PFA fixed, frozen tissues. (perfusion only 4% PFA 10-15' no post-fix). Epitope can be sensitive to fixation. Dilutions detection method dependent 1:100 to 1:200 recommended. IC: Unfixed preferred, or acetone fixed cells; 5-10', 2% PLP fixed cells, 1-2µg/mL. Dilution is detection method dependent. Immunoprecipitation: use rabbit anti-mouse or anti-mouse IgG beads for capture only. The use of protein A or protein G is not recommended. 1-5µg/mL in restricted volumes. Clone does not work in traditional reduced westerns. Use immunoprecipitation to resolve reactive protein bands. Biosensis recommends optimal dilutions/concentrations should be determined by the end user.
TargetIntegrin beta 2 alpha subunit
SpecificityClone OX-42 recognises the rat equivalent of human CD11b and shares a common epitope with CB11c (integrin apha M and alpha X chains). (PMID:1672643; Tamatani T et al 1991).
Immunoprecipitates three polypeptides of 160 kDa, 103 kDa and 95 kDa and a fainter band may also be seen at 133 kDa under non-reducing conditions. If the immunoprecipitated proteins are reduced, two major peptides of 163 kDa and 100 kDa and a minor 135 kDa peptide are seen. Mis-information exists concerning reactivity to mouse and human CD11b/c with OX-42 from various vendors. Biosensis has not verified that OX42 reacts with mouse and human, and ONLY recommends the clone only for rat as the original paper and most papers use the OX family of clones on rat.
Target Host SpeciesRat
Species ReactivityRat
Antibody HostMouse
Antibody TypeMonoclonal
Antibody IsotypeIgG2a, kappa
Clone NameOX42, OX-42
ConjugateUnconjugated
Immunogen DescriptionRat peritoneal macrophages, whole cells. (Robinson, AP et al Immunology 1986 57 239-247)
Purity DescriptionProtein G purified hybridoma supernatants.
FormatLyophilized from PBS containing no preservatives.
Reconstitution InstructionsSpin vial briefly before opening. Reconstitute in 100 µL sterile-filtered, ultrapure water to achieve an antibody concentration of 1 mg/mL. Centrifuge to remove any insoluble material. Final solution will contain no preservatives
Storage Instructions12 months after purchase at 2-8°C (lyophilized formulations). After reconstitution, aliquot and store at -20°C for a higher stability. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.
Batch NumberPlease see item label.
Expiration Date12 months after date of receipt (unopened vial).
Alternative NamesCD11b; CD11B; CD11 antigen-like family member B; ITGAM; Integrin beta 2 alpha subunit; CD11c;
Scientific BackgroundClone OX-42 recognises the rat equivalent of human CD11b and shares a common epitope with CB11c (integrin apha M and alpha X chains). (PMID:1672643; Tamatani T et al 1991). CD11b is a single-pass type I membrane protein that belongs to the integrin alpha chain family. CD11b is predominantly expressed in monocytes and granulocytes and is implicated in various adhesive interactions of monocytes, macrophages and granulocytes as well as in mediating the uptake of complement-coated particles (Ref: SWISSPROT). CD11b is also frequently used as a microglial marker allowing to distinguish between quiescent and activated microglia based on the intensity of CD11b staining. Moreover the OX-42 monoclonal antibody specifically binds to the CR3 complement (C3bi) receptor found on most monocytes, granulocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, and microglia. OX-42 antibody inhibits C3bi binding activity. CD11b, also known as integrin alpha M or Mac-1, and is a component of complement receptor 3 (CR3). CD11c, also known as integrin alpha X, and is a component of complement receptor 4 (CR4). Integrin alpha-X/beta-2 is a receptor for fibrinogen. CD11b and CD11c are expressed on immune cells such as macrophages, monocytes, granulocytes, and dendritic cells. OX42 has also been shown to detect microglia in the brain, as well as cells of the liver and epidermis.
Immunohistochemical staining with mouse monoclonal antibody to CD11b [OX42] M-1325-100 of pure (>98%) microglial cells isolated from mixed glia cultures obtained from neonate rat brains (1.25 µg/mL). Secondary antibody was biotinylated anti-mouse (1.25 µg/mL) and detection method used Extravidin-Cy3 conjugate (2.5 µg/mL). Cells were fixed before incubation with OX42 (1hr). Cells were not permeabilized. Pictures courtesy of Markus Smolny.
Immunohistochemical staining with mouse monoclonal antibody to CD11b [OX42] M-1325-100 of pure (>98%) microglial cells isolated from mixed glia cultures obtained from neonate rat brains (1.25 µg/mL). Secondary antibody was biotinylated anti-mouse (1.25 µg/mL) and detection method used Extravidin-Cy3 conjugate (2.5 µg/mL). Non-fixed microglia were stained with OX42. After 1hr incubation of OX42, cells were fixed. Cells were not permeabilized. Pictures courtesy of Markus Smolny.
Immunohistochemical staining with fluorescein tagged mouse monoclonal antibody to CD11b [OX42] M-1325-100 of pure (>98%) microglial cells isolated from mixed glia cultures obtained from neonate rat brains (1.6 µg/mL). Microglia were pre-treated with minocycline. Non-fixed microglia were stained with OX42 (30 min incubation @ room temperature). After application of OX42, cells were fixed. Cells were not permeabilized. Pictures courtesy of Markus Smolny.
Photomicrographs (40x magnification) of CD11b-labelled microglial cells in rat brain using OX42 antibody (1:200 dilution) and immunohistochemistry. A: Quiescent microglia show many branched processes and small cell soma in normal brain. B: Activated microglia appear hypertrophic, have shorter and thicker processes and stain more intensely for CD11b. Brain tissue was fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde. 3,3′ diaminobenzidine hydrochloride (DAB) was used as chromogenic substrate. Pictures courtesy of Dr Indrajeet Rana.
Specific ReferencesRana I. et al (2010) Microglia activation in the hypothalamic PVN following myocardial infarction Brain Res. Apr 22;1326:96-104.
General ReferencesZilka N. et al (2009) Human misfolded truncated tau protein promotes activation of microglia and leukocyte infiltration in the transgenic rat model of tauopathy J Neuroimmunol. Apr 30;209(1-2):16-25.(activated microglia) Blackbeard J. et al (2007) Quantification of the rat spinal microglial response to peripheral nerve injury as revealed by immunohistochemical image analysis and flow cytometry. J Neurosci Methods. Aug 30;164(2):207-17. Eljaschewitsch E. et al (2006) The endocannabinoid anandamide protects neurons during CNS inflammation by induction of MKP-1 in microglial cells Neuron. Jan 5;49(1):67-79(activated microglia) 4. Robinson A.P., White T.M. and Mason D.W. (1986) Macrophage heterogeneity in the rat as delineated by two monoclonal antibodies MRC OX-41 and MRC OX-42, the latter recognizing complement receptor type 3 Immunology. 1986 Feb;57(2):239-47.(original paper)